Attention! Checking the wheel alignment is mandatory if you are replacing or repairing suspension parts that may result in a change in wheel alignment.
Before wheel alignment check:
- air pressure in tires;
- axial clearance in the bearings of the front wheel hubs;
- serviceability of shock absorbers;
- radial and axial runout of wheel disks;
- gaps in the upper and lower ball joints of the suspension;
- serviceability of silent blocks;
- free play of the steering wheel;
- lack of play in the steering rods.
Eliminate the detected malfunctions and make the necessary adjustments.
Immediately before adjustment, the following conditions must be met:
- the car must be complete, with a full fuel tank, a spare wheel and a set of tools;
- the steering wheel is set to the middle position;
- front and rear of the car «to live» 2-3 times from top to bottom with a force of 40-50 kgf.
The sequence of checking and adjusting the wheel alignment angles:
- 1. Pitch angle.
- 2. Camber angle.
- 3. Convergence.
Camber angle and A-pillar angle
St - wheel camber angle; SP - slope of the front pillar; LR - run-in shoulder; 2 - transverse beam; 4 - lower transverse lever; 7 - ball bearing; 8 - upper ball bearing; 19 - eccentric finger for changing the camber of the wheel; 49 - auxiliary traction
Longitudinal angle of inclination of the axis of rotation of the wheel
NL - angle of longitudinal inclination of the axis of rotation of the wheel; VLV - run-out of the axis of rotation of the wheel forward; 1 - longitudinal beam; 2 - transverse beam; 4 - lower transverse lever; 5 - rotary stand; 6 - upper transverse lever; 8 - upper ball bearing; 10 - stabilizer; 19 - eccentric finger for changing the camber of the wheel; 21 - rubber bushing of the stabilizer; 48a - auxiliary rod hinge; 48 - terminal clamp for changing the length of the auxiliary rod; 49 - auxiliary traction
The angle of longitudinal inclination of the axis of rotation of the wheels is regulated by the auxiliary link 49 and must be within 8°45'±30°The difference in the angles of longitudinal inclination of the axis of rotation of the left and right wheels must not exceed 0°30'.
The camber angle is adjusted by the eccentric pin 19 and must be within 0°120'.
When adjusting the longitudinal inclination and camber, their mutual influence should be taken into account. When the caster angle of the steering axis is changed by 0°30' in the minus direction, the camber angle changes by approximately 0°10' in the minus direction. When the wheel camber changes by 0°10' in the minus direction, the longitudinal angle of inclination of the steering axis of the wheel changes by approximately 0°10' in the plus direction. Therefore, after adjusting the camber, it is necessary to control the angle of the longitudinal inclination of the axis of rotation and vice versa.
The convergence of the front wheels is regulated by transverse steering rods. To adjust, loosen the tie rod clamps and turn the couplings to the required amount. wheel alignment (the front wheels are unclenched by a force of 9-11 kgf.) 0°25'±10' or 3±1 mm. Once adjusted, position the tie straps horizontally and tighten them in that position. When the nuts are tightened, the edges of the slots of the clamping collars must not touch.